Fresh cows, those in the critical transition period immediately after calving, are among the most vulnerable in the herd. The first few weeks post-calving present the highest risk for diseases and metabolic disorders, including milk fever, ketosis, retained placentas, metritis, mastitis, and displaced abomasums. These conditions can negatively affect milk production, animal well-being, and long-term performance.
Proactive and consistent management during this period is essential to mitigate risks. Early identification of abnormalities requires thorough daily observations, focusing on the cow’s overall health, appearance, and behavior. Recognizing what is normal for the herd is key to spotting subtle changes that may indicate underlying issues.
Key Observation Areas:
- Front View: Assess the cow’s alertness, eye clarity, ear posture, and nasal or oral health for signs of dehydration, fever, respiratory issues, or ketosis.
- Side View: Check heart and respiration rates, rumen fill, and rumination activity to monitor feed intake and digestion.
- Rear View: Examine manure consistency, vulva discharge, and udder health for indications of infection, retained placentas, or metabolic disorders.
Records and Communication:
Monitor milk production trends closely, as declines can signal health concerns. Implement a robust record-keeping system and ensure consistent communication among team members to track observations and address potential problems promptly.
By focusing on preventive care, optimizing nutrition, and closely monitoring fresh cows during this vulnerable period, dairy managers can support their health, ensure a smooth transition into lactation, and set the stage for long-term productivity and well-being.
