U.S. dairy remains a growth category both domestically and internationally, driven by record cheese consumption and strong export demand. According to USDA data, Americans consumed an average of 661 pounds of dairy products per capita in 2023, approaching levels last seen in 1959.
Cheese continues to lead the dairy sector, setting its third consecutive record with an average per capita consumption of 40.5 pounds in 2023. Cheddar hit a new high at 11.83 pounds, while mozzarella retained the top spot at 12.45 pounds, marking 14 consecutive years as the nation’s most consumed cheese. The rise in cheese consumption is significant, as per capita intake has grown steadily from 8 pounds in 1959 to over 30 pounds by 2002.
Butter has also experienced a notable resurgence. After decades of decline, butter consumption rose to 6.5 pounds per capita in 2023, the highest level since 1965. This growth aligns with changing dietary perceptions that have increased demand for natural, full-fat dairy products.
Ice cream remains a staple in the dairy category, though consumption has declined from its peak. In 2023, Americans ate 11.7 pounds of regular ice cream and 6.2 pounds of low-fat or nonfat varieties. Similarly, yogurt continues to hold steady at 13.8 pounds per capita, with potential for growth as demand for high-protein foods increases.
USDA data highlights the shifting use of farm-gate milk. Cheese production now accounts for 42.2% of the U.S. milk supply, up from 37.7% in 2000. Butter production has also grown, using 18% of the milk supply in 2023. In contrast, fluid milk and frozen dairy products have seen a steady decline, with fluid milk usage dropping to 10.1% of total supply.
Cottage cheese has seen modest growth in recent years, reaching 2.1 pounds per capita in 2023, though far below its 1972 peak of 5.3 pounds.
Internationally, U.S. dairy exports remain strong, with cheese and whey products on track to set new records. The data underscores the continued demand for U.S. dairy products both at home and abroad, reflecting shifts in consumer preferences and market opportunities.
