Last Friday, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) announced the launch of the National Milk Testing Strategy (NMTS) to enhance surveillance of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 in dairy cattle. Building on measures implemented since the initial detection of H5N1 in U.S. dairy herds in March 2024, the NMTS introduces a nationwide testing protocol to monitor the milk supply and safeguard public health.
Key Highlights of the NMTS:
- Federal Order Issuance: USDA has mandated the collection and testing of raw (unpasteurized) milk samples nationwide, requiring collaboration among dairy producers, bulk milk handlers, and state veterinarians.
- Enhanced Surveillance Goals: The NMTS aims to identify affected herds swiftly, implement biosecurity measures, and mitigate virus transmission while protecting farmworkers and consumers.
- Five-Stage Implementation Framework: States will progress through structured stages of milk testing and response, advancing toward a national declaration of H5N1 elimination.
Statements from Leaders:
Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack emphasized the strategy’s role in providing farmers confidence and a roadmap to halt the virus’s spread. Similarly, Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary Xavier Becerra affirmed HHS’s commitment to public health through continued milk and dairy product testing.
Next Steps:
The NMTS will initiate its first phase, involving silo monitoring at dairy processing facilities, starting December 16, 2024. Six states—California, Colorado, Michigan, Mississippi, Oregon, and Pennsylvania—will be the first to implement the program. Additional states will join in subsequent phases.
The USDA also plans to hold webinars for state animal health officials and dairy regulators in December to discuss the new Federal Order and NMTS procedures.
For more details on USDA’s response and resources related to H5N1, visit USDA HPAI in Livestock Testing.
This comprehensive strategy reflects USDA’s commitment to agricultural health and public safety, building on decades of experience in disease management and collaboration with state and industry partners.
